Single-molecule fluorescence provides high resolution spatial distributions of ribosomes and RNA polymerase (RNAP) in live, rapidly growing E.coli.Ribosomes are more strongly segregated from the nucleoids (chromosomal DNA) than previous widefield fluorescence studies suggested.While most transcription may be co-translational, the evidence indicates
Abstract Background Changes in the proteoglycans glypican and syndecan-4 have been reported in several pathological conditions, but little is known about their expression in the heart during diabetes.The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo heart function changes and alterations in mRNA expression and protein levels of glypican-1 and syndec
Plants have the potency to regenerate adventitious roots from aerial organs after detachment.In Arabidopsis thaliana, de novo root regeneration (DNRR) from leaf explants is triggered by wounding signaling that rapidly induces the expression of the ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) transcription factors mackie mixer 16 channel ERF109 and ABR1 (ERF111).
The painted lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae) is well known for its seasonal long-distance migrations and for its dramatic population fluctuations between years.Although parasitism has occasionally been noted as an important mortality factor for this butterfly, no comprehensive study has quantified and compared